The Community Guide - Motor Vehicle Occupant Injury


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The systematic reviews by the Guide to Community Preventive Services (Community Guide) of the effectiveness of selected population-based interventions to reduce motor vehicle occupant injuries focused on three strategic areas:

Increasing the proper use of child safety seats;
Increasing the use of safety belts; and
Reducing alcohol impaired driving.

	Book Chapter
	Summary of Findings



Legend: Task Force Findings	Recommended	Insufficient Evidence	Recommend Against

Use of Child Safety Seats
	Child safety seat laws
	Community-wide information & enhanced enforcement
	Distribution & education campaigns
	Incentive & education programs
	Education programs when used alone

Use of Safety Belts
	Safety belt laws
	Primary enforcement laws
	Enhanced enforcement

Reducing Alcohol- Impaired Driving
	.08 blood alcohol concentration (BAC) laws
	Lower BAC laws for young or inexperienced drivers
	Minimum legal drinking age laws
	Sobriety checkpoints
	Intervention training programs for servers of alcoholic beverages
	Mass media campaigns
	School-based programs
	School-based instructional programs
	Peer organization programs
	Social norming programs
	Designated driver programs
	Population-based campaigns
	Incentive programs
	Multicomponent interventions with community mobilization
	Ignition Interlocks

	Research questions suggested for further study

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Full Reports (recommendations & supporting evidence)
	Recommendations. MMWR. 2000: 49 (No. RR-12);1-11.
	Recommendations. AJPM. 2001: 20 (2S); 10-15.

	Evidence Review: use of child safety seats. AJPM. 2001: 20 (2S); 31-47.
	Evidence Review: use of safety belts. AJPM. 2001: 20 (2S); 48-65.
	Evidence Review: reducing alcohol-impaired driving. AJPM. 2001: 20 (2S); 66-84.
	Evidence Review: effectiveness of mass media campaigns. AJPM. 2004;27:57-65.
	Evidence review: effectiveness of designated driver programs for reducing alcohol-impaired driving. AJPM. 2005;28(5S):280–287.
	Evidence review: effectiveness of school-based programs for reducing drinking and driving and riding with drinking drivers. AJPM. 2005;28(5S):288–297.

Commentaries
	Note from the Surgeon General. AJPM. 2001: 21 (4S); 1-2.
	Public health's contribution to MVOI prevention. AJPM. 2001: 21 (4S); 3-4.
	MVOI prevention: the states perspective. AJPM. 2001: 21 (4S); 5-6.
	Research as an advocate's toolkit to reduce MVOI. AJPM. 2001: 21 (4S); 7-8.
	Effectiveness of Hercules & economic estimates of stables. AJPM. 2001: 21 (4S); 9-12.
	Guide to Community Preventive Services, a public health imperative. AJPM. 2001: 21 (4S); 7-8.
	Methods for conducting systematic reviews of effectiveness and economic efficiency of interventions to reduce injuries to motor vehicle occupants. AJPM. 2001:21 (4S); 23-30.


Related Publications
Effectiveness of primary enforcement safety belt laws and enhanced enforcement of safety belt laws: a summary of the Guide to Community Preventive Services Systematic Reviews. Shults RA, Nichols JL, Dinh-Zarr TB, et al. J Safety Research 2004;35:189-96.
Primary enforcement seat belt laws are effective even in the face of rising belt use rates. Shults RA, Elder RW, Sleet DA, et al. Accident Analysis and Prevention 2004;36:491-3.
Effectiveness of sobriety checkpoints for reducing alcohol-involved crashes. Elder RW, Shults RA, Sleet DA, Nichols JL, Zaza S, Thompson R. Traffic Injury Prevention 2002;3:266-274.
Erratum to: Reviews of evidence regarding interventions to reduce alcohol-impaired driving. Shults RA, Elder RW, Sleet DA, Nichols JL, Alao MO, Carande-Kulis VG, Zaza S, Sosin DM, Thompson RS, and the Task Force on Community Preventive Services. AJPM 2001;21(4S):66-88. AJPM 2002;23(1):72.
Effectiveness of sobriety checkpoints for reducing alcohol-involved crashes. Elder RW, Shults RA, Sleet DA, Nichols JL, Zaza S, Thompson R. Traffic Injury Prevention, 2002, 3, 266-74
Response to letter to the editor.Zaza S, Sleet DA, Elder RW, Shults RA, Dellinger A, Thompson RS. AJPM 2002;22:330-1.
Do .08% blood alcohol concentration laws save lives? Elder RW, Shults RA, Sleet DA. Washington Post, Nov. 26, 2001.
Evidence based injury prevention: guidance for community action. Australian Third National Conference on Injury Prevention and Control, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, Sleet DA. May 1999.
The Guide to Community Preventive Services: Systematic Reviews and Evidence-Based Recommendations for Community-Based Interventions to Reduce Alcohol-Impaired Driving. Shults RE, Elder RW, Sleet DA, Zaza, Nichols JL. Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Alcohol Drugs and Traffic Safety, August 4-9, 2002, Montreal, Canada (In Press).
Effectiveness of Sobriety Checkpoints for Preventing Alcohol-Involved Crashes. Elder RW, Shults RE, Sleet DA, Nichols JL, Zaza S, Thompson R. Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Alcohol Drugs and Traffic Safety, August 4-9, 2002, Montreal, Canada (In Press).
Road Safety is No Accident. Sleet DA, Branche CM. Proceedings from a Symposium on High Visibility Enforcement - Building Sustained Safety Belt Use. Journal of Safety Research, Vol. 35, Issue 2, 2004, pp. 173-174.

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	Evidence Tables
	Use of child safety seats
	Community-wide information & enhanced enforcement
	Distribution & education programs
	Incentive & education programs
	Use of safety belts
	Safety belt laws
	Primary enforcement laws
	Enhanced enforcement
	Reducing alcohol-impaired driving
	.08 blood alcohol content (BAC) laws
	Lower BAC laws for young or inexperienced drivers
	Minimum legal drinking age laws
	Sobriety checkpoints
	Intervention training programs for servers of alcohol

	Logic model
	Review team members

	Slide Sets
	Strategies to keep kids safe

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The Guide to Community Preventive Services
Division of Health Communication and Marketing Strategy
National Center for Health Marketing (NCHM)
Coordinating Center for Health Information and Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Atlanta, GA 30333

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The content of publications of The Guide to Community Preventive Services is in the public domain. Citation as to source, however, is appreciated.
Sample citation: Motor Vehicle Occupant Injury. Guide to Community Preventive Services Website. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. www.thecommunityguide.org/mvoi. Last updated: 06/14/2005. Accessed on: 10/21/2005.

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